Automatic brake for hoisting devices



G. KLEBER.

l' AUOMATIC BRAKE FOR HOISTING DEVICES.

'APPLICATION mm FEB. a. 1915.

1,408,209. y l 'Patented 11610.28, 1922.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

-GUSTAV KLEBEncF ESSEN-oN-'mi-rn-RUKR, GERMANY; ASSIGNOR l'ro FRIED. Knorr AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT, 'or EssEN-oN-rHE-RUHR, GERMANY.

- fm, -AU-TOMATIC --BRAKE FOR HOISTING DEVICES.

Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Feb. 28, 19252.

Application-filed February 3, 1915. Serial No. 5,824.

To all whom t may concern Be it known that I, GUs'rAv Knnnnu, residing at Essen-on-the-Ruhr lVest, Germany, a citizen ot the German Empirdhave invented a certain new and usefullmprovementin Automatic vBrakes for 'Hoisting Devices, ot which the following is a specification.4

The present invention relatest-o aload sustained automatic brake tor hoisting devices which is ot very simple construction, and which remains operative even rwith the change in the direction oit the :moment ot load. y One embodiment of the lpresent invention is illustrated `in the accompanying drawing,

wherein- Figure 1 is a vertical, longitudinal section through a hoisting device, providedwith a load sustained brake andi Figure 2 a section along'line 2-2 of Figure 1, seen from the right. I

The winch comprises a drum A, rigidly secured on a shaft D, which is carried in two bearing stands B and C. On the drum A are provided two load ropes E and El, each. with a cage for inst-ance, the ropes being so arranged that one becomes unwound when the other is wound-up. The bearing stand C is constructed .at its upper part, as a substantially cylindrical brake housing @which is closed by alid c2. Against thecylindrical inner wall es ot the housingCl, a slitted flexible brake 'band 'F impinges with a certain initial tension. The twoends ofl the fbrakc band 'F are'connected by means ot two rods G, one on leach side ot theshatt D, withthe portion ot the bra-keband situated diametrically opposite the slit f1. On the shaft 'D and inside the brake housinfr C1 on cach side 40 O'ithe rodsG areprovi ded, rcspectiifely, relatively rotatable disks D1 `and H. The disk D1 is rigidly secured on the shaft D and carries two oppositely situated studs (Z2, which gripbetweeufthe two rods G. Thefother'd'isk islooselymounted on the shaft D and cafrric-s two 'oppositely situated studs h1, which are adapted lto impinge `:ip fainst the outer sides of the rods G, see Figure 2. This disk His moreover rigidly connected with a spur gear J. which is also looselyA mounted on the shaft D. This spur gear vis in mesh with a pinion K, which is carried 'by the driving shaft K1 'of A'the 'hoisting device, this shaft being Apfrovidedjwith a hand lever 702 and mounted in bearings inthe stand C.

Fromthe foregoing, it will be seen that the disks rD1 and H constitute two coaxially .mounted coupled parts rotatable independently of each other Within certain limits; that oneet these coupled parts is in continuous positive connection with the member upon which theload acts, while-the other is similarly connected with the driving member of the lifting mechanism; that the brake band F, which carries therods G, constitutes a third body 'rotatable about the same axis asthe coupled parts D1 LH, and the studs d2 constitute striking .pieces within the rods G. while the studs tl'constitute striking `pieces outside said rods, so that iitthe disk or coupled member VD1 should be rotated by the load in the direction `to `spread therods '("r, the brake will-be automatically applied, but so long as the strikingpieccs 72,1 are rot-ated by the driving mechanism ot' the lift against the rods, said rods are forced vtoward each other and the braking pressure is released.

In describing the operation ot the brake device, it `will first be supposed that theload acts on rope E,=so-that the drum A, under the action of the load 4has a tendency toituru lin thedirect-ion of the arrow m, Figure l2. The disk D1 then engages, by meansY ot its studs d2, with the inner sides of the rods G. The latter are then pushed apart, thereby 'pressing the brake band F hard. against the inner wall c3 of the housing C?. so thatan'v lowering of the 'load on the rope E vis Limpossible as long as no turning moment acts upon the hand jlever 7a2.

lVhen the 4load has to be raised. the hand lever 702 and with it'the pinion K is turned in the direction of arrow y/ Figure 2. As a consequence, the spur gear .T andthe disk H, the rope drum A and the shaft D at first remaining stationary, will turn idly in the op posite direction, to arrow until the studs L- arrive in the position denoted by l in cngagement with the rods G. Tit the hau d lever is turned 'further in thcsamc direction, the studs h1 exercise an exterior pressure on the rods G, thus orercomiimr the pressure generated bythe moment olz vload and transmitted by the studs (Z2 and making the free ends of the brake band F approach each other. In this manner the brakeon -the onev hand will be released and the disks D1 and H, on the other hand, becoupled together, so that the turning, which the hand lever k2y imparts to the disk H by means of the spur gearing li J, is transmitted to the shaft l). As soon as the hand lever k2 is released, a spreading oit the rods tt will take place, i`n luenced by the pressure generated by the moment ot load and transmitted by the studs cl2, so that the rope drum .A will be held by the brake band F.

i ln order to lou'er the load, the hand lever 7a2 has to be turned in opposite direction tol the arrow y. The disk H will now turn in the direction ot the arrow ai, and the studs /Ll impinge against the rods Gr" as indicated by Il, so that the rods are again pressed together and consequently the brake released. The brake band F together with the rods G novv turns together with the disk H with a speed corresponding to that of the hand lever 7a2, and in the direction ot the arrow ae. After the releasing` of the brake, the diskDl, actuated by thc moment oil load, commences to rotate and will, in a short While, reach the same speed ot rotation as the disk H. Should the speed ot rotation of the disk DleXceed that ot the disk H, the studs tlavill then be lett behind, releasing the rods G, which are now turning together with. the disk D1. The studs d2 ivill thereupon spread again the rods G, thus causing the braking of the shaft D. This braking, which causes the slowing` down ot the disk Dhlasts until the studs 71.1 have again reached the rods G, thereby again releasing the brake. The disk D1 tries then again to run by the disk H, and the described procedure is repeated. As the releasing and applying ot the brake band takes place Within very shortI intervals,`the load does not move substantially laster than if the disk D1 were continuously coupled together with the disk H. As soon as the hand lever k2 has been released, the braking of the shaftD takes place as already described, and the load is arrested. I Y

Itthe load, instead ot being suspended from the rope E, as 7as supposed hereabove, is suspended from the rope El, the operation occurs in a similar manner, as Will be evidenttrom the above description, and needs therefore no1 further explanation., The brake, forming the subject mattei' of the present invention, is, consequently particularly suitable for hoisting devices with changeable turning direction of the moment of load.

l. claim: 4

l. An automatic brake l'or hoisting devices, having a hoisting drum and a driving` gear, a revoluble member positively connect'-V ed with Said drum and a second revoluble member positively connected with said driving gear, said revoluble members 'being mounted coaxially, coupling means between said revoluble members, said revoluble mem! b er connected to the drum, having projections for engaging said coupling means at a distance trom its axis otrotation, saidfsecf ond revoluble member connected to the said 1 ,menos driving gear, having projections for engaging the atoresaidcoupling means at a. greater distance from its axis ot rotation than the first mentioned revoluble member, said coupling means having slight angular move- .ment relative to Said revoluble members in both directions from its idle position.

2. An automatic brake for hoisting devices, having a hoisting drum and a driving a revoluble member positively connectedv with said drum and a second revoluble member positively connected With said drivf ing gear, said Vrevoluble members being mounted coaXially, coupling means between said revoluble ymembers ,said coupling means comprising a pair of arms fulcrumed' one on each side of the axis of the revoluble meinbers, one of said revoluble membershaving projections for engaging with said arms externally and the other revoluble 'member having projections for engaging lwith said arms internally. i 3. An automatic brake for hoisting devices, having a hoisting drum and a driving gear, a revoluble memberpositively connected With said drum and a second revoluble member positively connected With said driv- Ving gear, said revoluble members being mounted coaxially, coupling means between said revolublemembers; said coupling means comprising a. pair ofV arms fulcrumed one on each side of the axis ofthe revoluble members, one of said revoluble members having projections for engaging with said arms externally and the other revoluble member having projections 'for engaging With said arms intern ally, a slight turning 4movement ot' said members relative to said means `from their free position being required beiore said. engagement takes place.

4. An automatic brake for hoisting devices, having a hoisting drum and a driving gear, a revoluble member positively connected with said drum and a second revolublemember positively connected with said driving gear, said `revoluble members being mounted coaxially, coupling means between said revoluble members; said coupling means comprising a cylindrical housing, a flexible band engaging' With the `inner cylindrical wall of the housing, a pair of arms connecting the tree ends of said band with the opposite side of the band, one of said revoluble members having projections for engaging with said arms externally, and the other revoluble member having projections for engaging withy said arms internally. l

5. Anr automatic brake for hoisting de-V vices, having a hoisting drum and al driving gear coaxially mounted therewith, arevolu-` blemember positively connected with said drum and apsecond revoluble member posi-A tively connected With said driving gear, said revoluble members being mounted coaxially,` coupling means between said revoluble members; said coupling means comprising a cylindrical housing coaxially situated relative to said drum, a flexible band engaging with the inner cyli-ndrical wall of the housing, a pair of arms connecting the free ends of said band with the opposite side of the band, one of said revoluble members having projections for engaging with said arms externally, and the other revoluble member having projections for engaging with said arms internally, a sli ht turning movement of said members re ative to said means from their Afree position being required before said engagement takes place.

-6. An automatic brake for hoisting devices, having a hoisting drum and a driving gear coaxially mounted therewith, a revoluble member positively connected with said drum and a second revoluble member positively connected with said driving gear, said revoluble members being mounted coaxially, coupling means between said revoluble members; said coupling means comprising a cylindrical housing coaxially situated relative to said drum, a flexible band engaging with the inner cylindrical wall of the housing, a pair of arms connecting the free ends of said band with the opposite side of the band, one of said revoluble members having projections tor engaging with said arms externally, and the other revoluble member having projections for engaging with said arms internally, a slight turning movement of said members relative to said means 'from their free position being required before said engagement takes place, whereby said drum cai-ying a load will turn said first revoluble members thereby causing its projections to engage with the inner side'otl said arms thus driving them apart and holding said flexible band tightly against said housing.

7. An automatic brake for hoisting devices, having a hoisting drum and a driving gear coaXially mounted therewith, a revoluble member positively connected with said drum and a second revoluble member positively connected with said driving gear, said revoluble members being mounted coaxially, coupling means between said revoluble members: said coupling means comprising a cylindrical housing eoaxially situated relative to said drum, a flexible band engaging with the inner cylindrical wall of the housing, a

arms thus bringing the arms together and.

releasing the-pressure between said band and said housing.

8. In an automatic load-applied brake for elevators having two coaXia-lly mounted members, rotatable relatively to each other within certain limits, and in continuous positive connection, the one with that member on which the load acts, and the other with a suitable driving member; a third body comprising a braking member rotatable about the same axis with the said rela-- tively rotatable members, two rods lying one on each side of the common axis of rotation and secured to said third body, striking pieces located on one of said relatively rotatable members, projecting between the rods and acting to spread them apart, striking pieces located upon the other of said relatively rotatable members, adapted to lie against the rods from without and press them together, the rods having such connection with the braking member that the displacement which can be imparted to them through the striking pieces of that `one of the relatively rotatable members which stands in positive connection with the driving member, eli'ects a release of the brake, and the displacement which can be imparted to them through the striking pieces on the other oi" said relatively rotatable members will e'ect an application of the brake.

The foregoing specification signed at Barmen, Germany, this 23rd day of December, 1914.

GUSTAV KLEBER. [Ls] In presence of- FnANoEs NUFER, ALBERT NUFER. 

